Gas turbine-engine.



PATENTED' FEB. 26

A. DU SHANE.

GAS TURBINE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED mm; 13. 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrronl Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 26, 1907.

Application filed June 13, 1904. Serial No- 212,4;[6-

To all whomit may concern.-

Be it known that 1, ANDREW DU SHANE, a citizen of the United States,residing at South Bend, in the county of St. Joseph and State ofIndiana, have invented certam new and useful Improvements in Gas'I'urbme- Engines; and I do hereby declare the followmg to be a full,clear, and exact description,oI' the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to internal-combustion engines, more particularlyto such engines combined with a turbine or rotary engine mounted on thedriving-shaft of said combustion-engine and so connected thereto as tobe enabled to receive and utilize the waste products of combustion whichare generally exhausted tothe atmosphere.

Another object of the invention is to combine with a jacketedinternal-combustion engine having a rotary engine mounted on itsdrivingshaft means for circulating the cooling liquid through saidjacket and means for utilizing a portion of the heat in the wasteproducts of combustion to transform the liquid delivered from the jacketor other source through a suitable heating coil or boiler and to injectthe same in the form of steam to the inlet-port of the rotary engine.

Further objects of the invention will hereinafter appear; and to theseends the same consists of a combined internal-combustion engine, boiler,and rotary engine embodying the features of construction, combinationsof elements, and arrangement of parts having the eneral mode ofoperation substantially as ereinafter described and claimed in thespecification.

One embodiment of the invention, which is the preferred form as at'present known, is shown in the accompanying drawing, where- -in likereference characters denote like parts throughout the several views, inwhich- Figure 1 shows a central sectional view in plan of the entireapparatus. Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a modified form ofcrankshaft and its seat in the combustion-engine cylindrical casing C,which is closed attits other end by a suitable plate or cover C, whichhas provided centrally thereof a third hearing A" for the shaft M M Theparticular form of internal-combustion engine to be used is immaterial,but a construction that has been found convenient, economical, andpracticable will now be described. I

The drawing shows a two-cycle gas-engine provided with two cylinders,cranks, and pistons, although it is obvious that there may be more thanone pair of cylinders, if desired, according to the power to begenerated. "I'hese cylinders are formed of cas-- ings oppositely disosed with respect to the bearings A A, to w 'ch they are attached by anysuitable means, and they may be in line or set at an angle to eachother, as is most.

convenient wit respect to the space inwhich the apparatus is to beerected. The inner open ends of these oppositely-disposed cylinders areconnected by any suitable form of'casing surrounding the cranks andforming thereabout a chamber S. Conveniently located in the wall ofthechamber S is a port a connecting said cylinderfor instance, by means ofthe pipe a with the usual controlled source of fuel-supply.

The shaft M M is provided with crankpins H H set at one hundred andeighty degrees by mounting the same between the ends of separateoppositely-extending side webs J J and a continuous central web 0. Fromthe crank-pins H H extend piston-rods P P, terminating in pistons T T.

The cylinders are provided with suitable ignition devices U U, those inthe drawing being intended to illustrate jump-spark electric sparkers,intake-ports I 1, leading .from chamber S to the explosion-chambers inthe outer ends of the cylinders, exhaust-ports E E so located that theexhaust takes place earlier than is ordinarily the custom andsubstantially diametrically opposite the intakeports, and inclosingwaterjackets D D, which may be divided intoone or more compartments, asis desired. On the outer face of each piston T T are mountedbaffle-plates or deflectors V V adjacent the outer ends of intake-portsI I.

The exhaust-ports are so positioned that an early exhaust is obtained,so that the heated gases of combustion which are retained in theexplosion-chamber at considerable pressure and heat will not workagainst a disadvantageous leverage of the crankshaft, but will readilyescape for use in other connections, as hereinafter described.

Water is forced into the lower portions of the jackets D D throughconnecting-pipes B B by a force-pump a, operated by any suitable means,as a cam Q on the crankshaft, and outlets from the upper portions of thejackets are provided at W W, so that the revolution of shaft M M willcreate a continuous circulation of water, cold water entering throughpipes B B and heated water or steam, or both, finding an exit at W W.

The rotary engine employed may be )1 any convenient type; but thepreferred form is shown in the drawing and embodies the principle of theturbine with fixed and movable blades carrying steam-buckets at theireri heries. la es are used; but the number is proportional to the sizeof the internal-combustion engine selected. The odd-numbered blades aremounted torotate with the shaft M M, and the even-numbered blades arefast to the casing C, the shaft rotating in centrally-ar rangedapertures therein. Each blade is provided wit-h angularly-disposedperipheral vanes 1), those on the fixed blades being reversely arrangedwith relation to those on the movable blades.

The blades increase in diameter outwardly to allow for expansion of thedriving fluidand the casing U is therefore made, preferably, in the formof a conical frustum, its smaller end being adjacent theinternal-combustion engine. -Plate C is provided. with intake-ports G G,one for each exhaust-port of the combustionengine, and plate C isprovided with suitable outlet or exhaust portsLL.

The exhaust-ports E E are each surrounded by one end of casings F F,respectively, the other ends of said casings surrounding intake-ports GG, respectively, thus forming passages for conveying the waste productsof combustion from the internal-combustion to the rotary engine. Thesecasings F- F are partially or Wholly surrounded by auxiliarywater-jackets d (1, connected to the main jackets through the openings WW.

Within the casings F F are water-pipes K K, respectively, preferablycoiled so as to provide as great a length as possible within thecasings. Ends X X of these pipes pass through water-tight joints in thecasing-wall and project into water-jackets D D through openmgs W W,while ends N N are held within intake-ports G G by any suitable means,as by being inserted in the hubs of spiders Y Y.

In operation, assuming the jackets D D to be filled with water, theinternal-combustion engine is started in the usual manner and the Ashere shown eleven such' I mixture is admitted to chamber S by the for- 1Ward stroke of the pistons T T, which is compressed by the-return ofsaid pistons, as in the usual operation of a two-cycle engine. As thepistons pass exhaust-ports E E the products of combustion escape intocasings F F and thoroughly heat the coils K K b passing against andbetween them, whic coils at about this time have a small quantity of hotwater-from the upper portions of jackets D D forced into them by theaction of cam Q on pump a. This water is further heated in its passagethrough the coils K K and is converted into steam, which passes out ofthe coils at N N and impinging upon the vanes b of the rotaryengine-blades and in conjunction with the ex ansive force of the lexhausting gases drives t e blades and assists in turning the shaftduring the forward portion of the stroke. In the meantime a fresh theexplosion-chamber, baffle-plates V V tending to revent a mixture of thefresh and exploded c arges until ports E E are again closed, which freshcharge is exploded at the proper time, and the cycle thus continues. Therevolution of the rotary engine-blades is also assisted by the exhaustproducts of combustion, which after heating coils K K pass through saidengine and out of exhaustports L L, having also thoroughly heated thevarious blades b during its passage past and against them. The morecomplete conversion of the heated water into steam will be effected bybeing brought into direct contact with the heated gases as they are conjointly injected into the inlet-ports of the turbine. Should theconversion into steam be still incomplete, however, the contact of thefluid with the heated blades will be effective to the desired end.

When it is desired to run the engine at a high rate of s eed, it becomesnecessary to provide an mfilitional bearing between the crank-pins, andto gain this the modified construction of crank-shaft shown in Fig. 2 isused. As there shown, the continuous web 0 is enlarged and constructedin the form of a disk Z, and the engine-frame is extended internally, asshown at z and 2, to form a suitable bearing therefor. This constructiondivides chamber S into two parts and necessitates the use of twoport-openings a a Obviously some features of this invention may be usedWithout others, and the same may be embodied. in widely-varying formswithout departing from the spirit thereof, and I do not, therefore,limit myself to the exact details shown and described; but

What I claim is 1. The combination with a gas-engine having acooling-jacket therefor, of a turbine, a I conduit between theexhaust-port of the gasengine and intake-port of the turbine, and acycle continues as follows: An explosive l separate conduit passingthrough said first charge has passed through ports I I and into IOOconduit and forming a communication between said cooling-jacket andturbine intakeport.

22 The combination with an internal-combustion engine of a turbinemounted on the crank-shaft thereof, a casing connecting the exhaust-portof the combustion-engine with the intake-port of the turbine, a coiledpipe within said casing having'an open end at said intake-port, andmeans for forcing water into sald pipe, substantially as described.

3. The combination with an internal-combustion engine and jackettherefor, of a turbine mounted on the crank-shaft thereof, a casingconnecting the exhaust-port of the combustion-engine with theintake-port of the turbine, a steam-generator within said casingconnecting said jacket with said intake-port, and means for producing acirculation of the cooling liquid through said jacket and generator,substantially as described. I

4. The combination with an internal-combustion engine and jackettherefor, of a turbine mounted on the crank-shaft thereof,a

casing connecting the exhaust-port of the combustion-engine with theintake-port of the turbine, a steam-generator within said casingconnecting said jacket with said intakeport, and means controlled bysaid crank- .shaft for producing a circulation of the cooling liquidthrough said jacket and generator, substantially as described.

5. The cornblnatlon with an internal-combustion engine, and jackettherefor of a tura con uit between said jacket-outlet and turbine-intakeassing through said casing, and means for orcing said jacket-water intosaid conduit, substantially as described.

6. The combination withan internal-com bustion engine and jackettherefor, of a turbine mounted on the crankshaft thereof, a casingconnecting the combustion-engine exhaust-port with the turbineintake-port, said jacket provided with an inlet and an outlet, anauxiliary casing about said 'outlet, a coiled pipe within said casingone end enter-f ing said outlet and the otherthe turbine-intake, andmeans for forcing water through said jacket into said coiled pipe,substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing inyention as my own I havehereto affixed my signature in the resence of two witnesses.

' XNDREW DU SHANE.

Witnesses:

JAMES M. BRonBEoK, HARRY G. ScHooK.

casing connecting the combustion-engine exjacket dprovided with an inletand an outlet,-

